medicine since he declared war on bacteria, with the discovery of penicillin The two have been constantly struggling to get some advantage. And, over time, the bacteria become resistant to certain antibiotics. Then scientists develop new drugs, new bacteria develop resistance, and so on. But some scientists believe that genetic can become a key weapon in this battle, with doctors analyzing genomes of bacteria in treating certain diseases. And this week, a team from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute published a study in the journal Science, which they say provides the first genetic portrait of the evolutionary war between medicine and bacteria. The study shows that bacterial genetics can be complicated. In the case of humans, for example, the DNA of a person happens to their children, who in turn is inherited by their children and so the entire tree . Bacteria, however, are much more playful. Each time they divide in two, you inherit their DNA to their offspring. But also exchange DNA with other bacteria, thus changing its genetic code. 
the laboratory to the hospital
The study was able to unravel the differences between two ways of transmitting the bacteria's DNA Streptococcus pneumoniae and draw your family tree . And we could also find out how these bacteria respond to different antibiotics, how they became resistant and how that resistance is spreading across the planet. It was the first time a complete genome study to measure the genetic response to medicine. The ease with which researchers can now obtain complete genomes bacterial pathogens can find answers to questions that were previously impossible or very difficult to think of responding. And although other studies have reached similar conclusions, a review published in the same issue of Science says that "believing we already know all this is not realizing the importance of this study, which achieved a single experiment, providing more information than was achieved in 15 years of research. " study a complete genome is also becoming increasingly cheap and Dr Stephen Bentley, Sanger Institute, believes that can change the way diseases are treated. "In principle, every time someone gets sick we could isolate the genome of the bacterial infection, whether it is tough, how it behaves in humans and linked to a database to monitor the behavior of an outbreak," he said the BBC. And, in the journal Science, Professors Mark Enright and Brian Spratt, who outlined the study, said: The ease with which researchers can now obtain complete genomes bacterial pathogens can find answers to questions that were previously impossible or very difficult to think of responding. One of those questions is how the bacterial pathogens especially virulent or antibiotic resistant spread within hospitals or clinics in a region. And to Dr. Bentley, genetics will become a normal part of hospital practice in five or 10 years. Sources
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